The main reason to want to use the ForestForesight package is to create your own datasets and use them to improve the model. Below we give instructions on how to do this.First, let's set up our environment:.

Main Functions

The main functions that are required are:

• Reprojection: Reprojection is the process of converting spatial data from one coordinate system to another. It allows you to align data from different sources or to display data in a desired projection for analysis or visualization.

• Resampling: Resampling involves changing the cell size or resolution of a raster dataset. It can be used to increase or decrease the spatial resolution of data, often to match the resolution of other datasets or to reduce file size.

• Reclassification: Reclassification is the process of reassigning values in a raster dataset based on specified criteria. It's commonly used to simplify complex data, create categorical maps from continuous data, or to recode values for analysis.

• Filtering: Filtering in spatial analysis refers to selecting or highlighting specific data based on certain criteria. It can involve removing unwanted data or emphasizing particular features, often used to focus on areas of interest or to remove noise from datasets.

• Clipping: Clipping is the process of extracting a portion of a spatial dataset that falls within a defined boundary. It's used to focus on a specific area of interest or to reduce the size of a dataset to a manageable extent.

• Distance Calculation: Distance calculation in GIS involves computing the spatial distance between features or locations. It can be used to create buffer zones, analyze proximity relationships, or generate distance-based raster surfaces for various spatial analyses

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Environment setup

library(terraForestForesight)

ff_folder <- "/path/to/ff_folder"
template_folder <- list.files(file.path(ff_folder, "preprocessed", "input"), pattern = "^[0-9]{2}[NS]_[0-9]{3}[EW]$", full.names = TRUE)[1]
template_raster <- rast(list.files(template_folder, pattern = "\\.tif$", full.names = TRUE)[1])

Reprojecting a raster dataset

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This is useful when your input raster is in a different coordinate reference system (CRS) than your template or has a different resolution or extent.

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Code Block
language r
# Load a land cover raster in a different CRS land_cover <- rast("landcover_wgs84.tif") # Check CRS print(crs(land_cover)) print(crs(template_raster)) # Reproject using nearest neighbor (best for categorical data) land_cover_nearest <- project(land_cover, template_raster, method = "near") # Reproject using cubic (often better for continuous data) land_cover_cubic <- project(land_cover, template_raster, method = "cubic") # Compare results par(mfrow = c(1, 2)) plot(land_cover_nearest, main = "Nearest Neighbor") plot(land_cover_cubic, main = "Cubic")

Selecting a single layer from a multi-layer raster

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This is common when working with satellite imagery or time series data.

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Code Block
language r
# Load a multi-band Landsat image landsat <- rast("landsat_image.tif") # Check number of layers nlyr(landsat) # Select the Near-Infrared band (usually band 5 in Landsat 8) nir_band <- landsat[[5]] # Standardize to template nir_standardized <- project(nir_band, template_raster, method = "cubic") # Plot plot(nir_standardized, main = "Near-Infrared Band")

Reclassifying categorical data

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This is useful for simplifying land cover classes or creating binary masks.

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Code Block
language r
# Load a land cover raster lulc <- rast("land_use_land_cover.tif") # Create a reclassification matrix # Let's say we want to simplify to Forest (1), Agriculture (2), and Other (3) rcl_matrix <- matrix(c( 1, 5, 1, # Classes 1-5 become Forest (1) 6, 10, 2, # Classes 6-10 become Agriculture (2) 11, 20, 3 # Classes 11-20 become Other (3) ), ncol = 3, byrow = TRUE) # Reclassify lulc_reclass <- classify(lulc, rcl_matrix) # Standardize to template lulc_standardized <- project(lulc_reclass, template_raster, method = "near") # Plot plot(lulc_standardized, main = "Reclassified Land Cover")

Rasterizing a vector dataset (presence/absence)

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This is useful for creating binary masks from vector data.

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Code Block
language r
# Load forest cover polygons forest_polygons <- vect("forest_cover.shp") # Rasterize (1 for forest, 0 for non-forest) forest_raster <- rasterize(forest_polygons, template_raster, field = 1, background = 0) # Plot plot(forest_raster, main = "Forest Cover Mask")

Rasterizing a vector dataset with a specific attribute

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This is useful when you want to preserve numerical or categorical information from the vector data.

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Code Block
language r
# Load administrative boundaries admin_boundaries <- vect("admin_boundaries.shp") # Assuming there's a 'population' column in the vector data population_raster <- rasterize(admin_boundaries, template_raster, field = "population", background = 0) # Plot plot(population_raster, main = "Population Density")

Creating a distance raster from vector data

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This is useful for proximity analysis, such as distance to roads or water bodies.

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